This review examines the multifaceted role of biochar in soil restoration, highlighting its potential to enhance soil health and facilitate carbon sequestration. Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of organic matter, offers unique physicochemical properties that improve soil structure, increase nutrient retention, and stimulate microbial activity. By synthesizing current research, this article discusses the mechanisms through which biochar contributes to soil fertility, addresses challenges associated with soil degradation, and evaluates its effectiveness across various soil types and agricultural systems. Additionally, the review emphasizes the dual benefits of biochar in promoting sustainable agricultural practices and mitigating climate change through long-term carbon storage. Overall, this comprehensive analysis underscores biochar’s significant potential as a tool for enhancing soil health and fostering environmental sustainability.
