Objectives: This study seeks to describe the epidemiological profile of MBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients treated at the Walter Cantídio University Hospital (HUWC) in Ceará between January 2022 and December 2024. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study based on laboratory data obtained from HUWC. The samples were processed by automated methods and analyzed according to BrCAST protocols, including single samples per patient with MBL-producing microorganisms, analyzing clinical and microbiological variables and outcomes. Results: A total of 133 infections caused by single strains were analyzed, of which 121 were MBL-producing only and 12 were dual carbapenemase-producing. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent pathogen (74.4%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.3%). The NDM gene was identified in 77.4% of cases. Samples were mainly obtained from blood (43.6%) and urine (28.6%), with a higher frequency in the medical ward II B and ICU wards. The mortality rate among those infected was 43.6%. Universal resistance to ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam antibiotics was observed, with greater sensitivity to polymyxin B (75.9%). Conclusions: The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains, especially NDM-producing K. pneumoniae, associated with high mortality, highlights the severity of MBL infections. The results reinforce the need for constant microbiological surveillance, strict control of hospital infections, and rational use of antimicrobials to contain the spread of these strains, as well as the optimization of therapeutic protocols to reduce mortality.
