Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) remains a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, significantly contributing to childhood morbidity and mortality in malaria-endemic regions.
Objective: This study assesses the risk factors associated with CM among children aged ten years old and below in selected hospitals within Zaria metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Method: Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 240 participants through laboratory-confirmed malaria tests, complete blood count analysis, and structured questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis identified key socio-demographic, household, and patient-related factors contributing to CM.
Result: Socio-demographic factors such as male gender (OR: 1.41, CI: 0.72–2.76), household-related factors like proximity to stagnant water (OR: 4.49, CI: 1.60–12.60), and patient-related factors including delayed healthcare-seeking behavior (OR: 3.45, CI: 1.30–9.16) were significant predictors of CM. While male gender and young age were associated with higher CM risk, significant predictors included proximity to stagnant water, poor home sanitation, and delayed healthcare-seeking behavior.
Conclusion: The findings from this study emphasize the urgent need for targeted malaria control measures in Zaria metropolis. Community-based interventions such as early malaria diagnosis, prompt treatment, household vector control, and improved sanitation should be prioritized.
